摘
要 J 油田稠油资源丰富，经历了天然能量衰竭开采和高轮次蒸汽吞吐开发，已进入后期产量递减阶段，开发效果变差，井间存在死油区。为改善开发效果，拟部署新钻加密井，先进行数个轮次短周期高强度蒸汽吞吐，再转入蒸汽驱开发，后续蒸汽驱开发可较大幅度提高采收率。开展 J 油田新钻加密井注汽开发参数优化设计研究，确定蒸汽吞吐转蒸汽驱注采参数、注采方式和合理转驱时机，对于提高 J 油田开发效果具有重要意义。
本文首先调研了国内外蒸汽吞吐转蒸汽驱研究现状和蒸汽驱油藏技术要求筛选标准，对 J 油田的油田概况、开发现状进行了分析，确定了主力油层的储层及流体物性，并根据地质模型进行了储量计算。对 J 油田蒸汽驱先导试验情况进行了分析，为转驱方案设计提供了参考。根据蒸汽驱油藏筛选标准，确定了 J 油田蒸汽驱可行性。根据 J 油田蒸汽驱机会指数图、加密计划和目的层情况，筛选转驱井组，建立了井组模型，完成产油产水历史拟合。分析了 J 油田蒸汽吞吐和蒸汽驱注采参数对开发效果的影响，整理了加热半径计算方法。结合 J 油田专家建议、油田开发要求和加热半径数值模拟计算法，提出了一种适用于 J 油田合理转驱时机确定的新方法，并将该方法应用于井组合理转驱时机的确定。着重进行了 J 油田蒸汽吞吐转蒸汽驱方案优化设计，从加密井蒸汽吞吐注采参数优化，蒸汽吞吐转蒸汽驱注采方式优选，合理转驱时机确定以及蒸汽驱注采参数优化等方面，设计并优化了蒸汽吞吐转蒸汽驱注采方案。对优化后的转驱注采方案，进行了十年开发预测，并提出了提高 J 油田蒸汽驱开发效果的建议。
研究表明，J 油田转蒸汽驱后可较大幅度提高采收率，能满足油田对于产量和油汽比的基本要求，最终提高油田开发效果。
关键词：稠油，蒸汽吞吐，蒸汽驱，转驱时机，参数优化
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Research on Parameter Design and Optimization of Steam Injection Development for Infill Well in J Oil Field Bai Xiangwei (Oil and Gas Field Development Engineering) Directed by Prof. Wang Jiexiang Abstract J oilfield is rich in heavy oil resources. It has experienced natural energy depletion exploitation and high-cycle steam stimulation development, and has entered the late production decline stage,
d evelopment effect worsens with dead oil zones between wells. In order to improve the development effect, new infill wells will be drilled in J oil field. After several rounds of short-period high-intensity steam stimulation, steam flooding development is carried out to
enhance oil recovery. It is of great significance to design and optimize injection and production parameters, injection and production modes and reasonable shifting time of switch scheme of new infill well in J oilfield. This paper firstly investigated the research status of steam stimulation switching to steam flooding at home and abroad and the screening criteria of technical requirements for steam flooding reservoirs, analyzed the general situation of J oil field and the development status, the main reservoir and fluid physical properties, and carried out reserves calculation according to the geological model. The pilot test of steam flooding is analyzed, which provides reference for the design of the shifting scheme. Determined the steam flooding feasibility of J oilfield according to reservoir technical requirements screening criteria for steam flooding; According to the steam flooding opportunity index chart, the infilling plan of J oil field and the condition of the target layers in J oil field, the steamflooding well group was screened, then a well group model was established, and the history of oil and water production was fitted.
The influence of cyclic steam stimulation and steam flooding injection and production parameters on the development effect was analyzed. Several calculation methods of heating radius were sorted out, and a new method of determining reasonable shifting time for J oilfield was proposed based on J oil field expert"s suggestions, oilfield development
requirements and heating radius numerical simulation calculation method. This method then was applied to the determination of reasonable shifting time for well group in J oil filed. This paper focuses on the scheme design and optimization of cyclic steam stimulation switching to steam flooding for J oil field.
From the aspects of cyclic steam stimulation injection and production parameters optimization, cyclic steam stimulation and steam flooding injection and production modes optimization, reasonable shifting time determination and steam flooding injection and production parameters optimization, the switch scheme is designed and optimized for J oil field. Ten years" development prediction of the optimized scheme is carried out, and some suggestions are put forward to improve the development effect of steam flooding for J oil field. The study shows that oil recovery of J oil field can be greatly improved after the steam flooding which can meet the basic requirements of the oil field for oil production and oil-steam ratio, and finally improve J oil field development effect. Key Words: heavy oil, cyclic steam stimulation, steam flooding, shifting time, parameter optimization
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论 ........................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 研究目的及意义 .......................................................................................................... 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 .......................................................................................................... 1 1.3 主要研究内容 .............................................................................................................. 8 第 2 章
J 油田概况、开发现状和蒸汽驱先导试验分析 ................................................... 10 2.1 J 油田概况和开发现状 .............................................................................................. 10 2.1.1 油田概况 .......................................................................................................... 10 2.1.2 油田开发现状 .................................................................................................. 14 2.2 J 油田蒸汽驱先导试验分析 ...................................................................................... 15 2.2.1 蒸汽驱先导试验基本情况 .............................................................................. 15 2.2.2 蒸汽驱先导试验特征 ...................................................................................... 16 2.3 本章小结 .................................................................................................................... 19 第 3 章
J 油田蒸汽驱可行性分析 ....................................................................................... 21 3.1 油田主力油层概况分析 ............................................................................................ 21 3.2 蒸汽驱筛选标准及 J 油田蒸汽驱可行性分析 ........................................................ 22 3.3 J 油田转驱目的层的确定 .......................................................................................... 22 3.4 本章小结 .................................................................................................................... 23 第 4 章
J 油田转驱井组选择、转驱注采参数分析及合理转驱时机确定新方法 ........... 24 4.1 J 油田转驱井组的选择和井组模型的建立 .............................................................. 24 4.1.1 转驱井组的选择 .............................................................................................. 24 4.1.2 井组模型的建立 .............................................................................................. 26 4.1.3 产油产水历史拟合 .......................................................................................... 26 4.2 J 油田蒸汽吞吐转蒸汽驱注采参数分析 .................................................................. 31 4.2.1 蒸汽吞吐阶段主要注采参数分析 .................................................................. 31 4.2.2 蒸汽驱阶段主要注采参数分析 ...................................................................... 34 4.3 J 油田合理转驱时机确定的新方法和加热半径计算方法 ...................................... 38 4.3.1 数值模拟法计算加热半径 .............................................................................. 38
4.3.2 动态法计算加热半径 ...................................................................................... 39 4.3.3 J 油田合理转驱时机确定的新方法 ................................................................ 44 4.3.4 转驱案例分析 .................................................................................................. 45 4.4 本章小结 .................................................................................................................... 47 第 5 章
J 油田新钻加密井蒸汽吞吐转蒸汽驱方案优化设计 ........................................... 49 5.1 J 油田新钻加密井蒸汽吞吐注采参数优化 .............................................................. 49 5.1.1 加密井周期注汽量优化 .................................................................................. 49 5.1.2 加密井蒸汽吞吐注汽速度优化 ...................................................................... 51 5.1.3 加密井焖井时间优化 ...................................................................................... 52 5.2 J 油田蒸汽吞吐转蒸汽驱注采方式优选 .................................................................. 54 5.2.1 加密井蒸汽吞吐方式优选 .............................................................................. 54 5.2.2 加密井蒸汽吞吐阶段老井开采方式优选 ...................................................... 55 5.2.3 蒸汽驱阶段井组的注采方式优选 .................................................................. 58 5.3 J 油田合理转驱时机优选 .......................................................................................... 60 5.3.1 应用 J 油田合理转驱时机确定新方法对井组合理转驱时机进行优选 ...... 60 5.3.2 转驱时目的层温度场、加热半径和热连通情况分析 .................................. 64 5.4 J 油田蒸汽驱注采参数优化 ...................................................................................... 66 5.4.1 蒸汽驱注汽速度优化 ...................................................................................... 66 5.4.2 蒸汽驱采注比优化 .......................................................................................... 69 5.4.3 蒸汽驱注汽干度优化 ...................................................................................... 70 5.5 J 油田转驱注采方案和改善蒸汽驱开发效果的建议 .............................................. 72 5.5.1 ...
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