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五元联系数在长江下游生态航道评价中的应用

时间:2025-08-02 23:08:54 浏览次数:

摘要:针对生态航道评价中存在的模糊、不确定性问题,基于集对分析理论和层次分析法,建立了五元联系数模型,根据生态航道评价指标体系各指标与等级标准的联系程度,构造联系度公式,结合层次分析法计算各评价指标的权重,运用该模型开展了长江下游南京-浏河口段生态航道评价,结果表明,南京-浏河口段生态航道等级为Ⅲ级,其中航运功能、自净功能和景观娱乐功能为Ⅰ级,生态功能为Ⅳ级,需要结合该河段实际情况加强生态环境保护工作。敏感性分析表明,功能层权重的小幅度波动不会对评价结果造成较大影响,说明对该河段的评价结果比较稳定。

关键词:生态航道;南京-浏河口河段;评价体系;五元联系数;敏感性分析

中图分类号:X522 文献标志码:A 文章编号:

16721683(2018)05009309

Application of fiveelement connection number to assessment of ecological waterway in the lower reaches of Yangtze River

KUANG Shuya1,2,LI Tianhong1,2

1.College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;

2.Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences,Ministry of Education,Beijing 100871,China)

Abstract:

Aiming at the fuzzy and uncertainty problems in ecological waterway assessment,we built a fiveelement connection number model on the basis of AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) method and the SPA (Set Pair Analysis).According to the connection between each index of the ecological waterway assessment index system and the grade standard,we constructed the connection degree formula,and calculated the weight of each assessment index by AHP.The model was applied to assess the ecological waterway of NanjingLiuhekou reach in the lower reaches of Yangtze River.The results showed that the health condition of this ecological waterway was in Grade "III".The navigation function,selfpurification function,and landscape & entertainment function were in Grade "I",while the ecological function was in Grade "IV".It is necessary to strengthen ecological environmental protection of the reach.A sensitivity analysis indicated that the assessment results were not sensitive to smallamplitude fluctuation of the weights of the function layer,suggesting that the evaluation results of the NanjingLiuhekou reach were stable.

Key words:ecological waterway;the NanjingLiuhekou reach; assessment system;fiveelement connection number;sensitivity analysis

近年來,我国提出依托长江黄金水道发展长江经济带的发展战略,党的十九大报告指出:“以共抓大保护、不搞大开发为导向推动长江经济带发展”,要求加快内河航运现代化发展的步伐,长江水运发展迎来了新的机遇。此外,生态文明建设也要求,长江航道在满足高效、安全的航运需求的同时,还要把长江河流生态系统的保护工作摆在压倒性位置,在此背景下,生态航道建设越来越受到重视[1],而如何对生态航道进行科学评价是生态航道建设必不可少的基础性工作。

本文针对生态航道评价中,准则层对目标层的权重确定以及评价标准确定等环节遇到的不确定性问题,尝试应用中国学者赵克勤[2]提出的集对分析理论,开展长江下游生态航道评价。集对分析理论(简称SAP,Set Pair Analysis)是处理系统确定性与不确定性相互作用的数学理论,其主要数学工具是联系数,集对分析理论是将确定的和不确定的问题视为一个整体,通过同异反联系数分析事物之间的联系度和差异度[34]。目前,该方法已经在知识创新[56]、医学[79]、工业[1012]、农业[1315]、防洪安全[1618]、水环境质量[1822]、生态评价[2324]、教育[2527]等方面得到广泛应用。

相关热词搜索: 长江 航道 下游 生态 评价